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Antimicrobial resistance is a growing public health threat that refers to the ability of microorganisms to resist the effects of antimicrobial agents. This resistance arises due to the selective pressure of antimicrobial use, and can be spread through horizontal gene transfer. Antimicrobial resistance can render previously effective treatments ineffective, increasing the morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs associated with infectious diseases. Addressing this problem requires a multifaceted approach, including the development of new antimicrobials, stewardship of existing agents, and infection prevention and control measures.